68YR OLD MALE. WITH VOMITINGS

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Patient came with c/o
            vomitings since 1day
             Belchings since 1day
HOPI
Patient was apparently assymptomatic 1day ago then she developed vomitings since 1day watery ,content -food particles?bilious(greenish black) ,non projectile,blood stained ,Non projectile,not blood stained,non foul smelling 
N/H/O abdominal pain ,loose stools,giddiness
Belching+
Patient irritable in the night,didn't sleep properly 
N/H/O fever,cough

Past history-k/c/o type 1DM since 15yrs 
on biphasic insulin
(10U -----x------15U)
N/k/c/o  HTN,Epilepsy,Tuberculosis,Leprosy, asthma

Personal history-
Diet-mixed
Sleep-adequate
Appetite-normal
Bowel and bladder-regular
Addictions -none
Allergies-none

Family history -
Not significant 

 General examination 
Patient was conscious, coherent, cooperative and well oriented to time and place. 
Moderate built and moderate nourished 
No pallor, Icterus, Cyanosis, clubbing, pedal edema, Lymphadenopathy.

Vitals:

BP: 140/60mmhg
PR: 102bpm
RR: 20 cpm
GRBS: 335 mg/dl
SPO2: 98% at RA


Systemic examination
CVS:S1 S2+. No murmurs
RS:BAE+
CNS: 
GCS -E4 V5 M6
Power- UL.     5/5.       5/5
                LL.      5/5.      5/5
Tone-    UL.        N.          N
                LL.        N.          N
Reflexes:
             B. 2+.    2+
             T. 2+.    2+
             S 2+.     1+
             K. 2+   . 2+
             A. 1+.    1+
       Plantar flexion. flexion 
P/A. Soft,non tender
INVESTIGATIONS
RANDOM BLOOD SUGAR :343 mg/dl 
HbA1c-7%
Urine for ketone bodies -positive

RFT-

LFT
Hemogram
Ecg
USG ABDOMEN

2D ECHO-
ABG-
Diagnosis-
Vomitings under evaluation with diabetic ketosis with type 2 DM

TREATMENT-
1) PERINORM. 10mg  IV/stat

2) IV fluids RL @75ml/hr

3)Tab.NICARDIA 20mg po/stat

4)monitor vitals & inform sos

5)Inj. HAI 40 IU in 39 ml NS @4ml/hr to maintain grbs between 150 to 250mg/dl

6)PROMETHAZINE 25mg IV/stat

7)TRANEXA 500 mg IV/stat.


Day 2(25/08/23):

S-
Nausea subsided
No Vomitings 
Hiccups reduced

O:  Patient is conscious/coherent/cooperative 
Afebrile on touch
Bp: 160/100 mmhg
PR: 88bpm.
RR: 18 cpm
SPO2: 98% at RA
GRBS: 269 mg/dl 
INPUT -  1040ml
OUTPUT-500ml
CVS: S1 S2+ , no murmurs heard
RS: Bilateral air entry+, NVBS heard
CNS: 
GCS -E4 V5 M6
Power- UL.     5/5.       5/5
                LL.      5/5.      5/5
Tone-    UL.        N.          N
                LL.        N.          N
Reflexes:
             B.    2+.     2+
             T.     1+.       1+
             S       1+.      1+
             K.      2+.      2+
             A.      1+.      1+ 
 Plantar.      Flexion.  Flexion
P/A: Soft, no organomegaly, bowel sounds heard 
Investigations 

 
A: diabetic ketosis with AKI (?Drug induced) with type 2 DM

P:  
1.INJ.HAI 40IU in 39ml NS @2ml/hr to maintain GRBS between 150 to 250mg/dl

2.IV fluids NS@75ml/hr

3.Inj.5D @30ml/kg(if grbs<150mg/dl)

4.Inj.PAN 40mg IV/BD

5.Inj.zofer 4mg IV/Tid

6.Inj.PROMETHAZINE  IV/

7.TAB.NICARDIA 10mg/sos

6.syp.CITRALKA 10ml in glass of water
 po/tid

7.Tab.NICARDIA

7.strict I/O charting

8.monitor vitals and inform 

Day 3 (26/08/23)
S: 
Patient feels better today, 
Nausea subsided
No complaints of vomitings .
Hiccups reduced
                                            
O:  Patient is conscious/coherent/cooperative 
Afebrile on touch
Bp: 110/60 mmhg
PR: 88bpm.
RR: 18 cpm
SPO2: 98% at RA
GRBS: 159 mg/dl (10U HAI given) 
INPUT -  1140ml
OUTPUT-900ml
CVS: S1 S2+ , no murmurs heard
RS: Bilateral air entry+, NVBS heard
CNS: 
GCS -E4 V5 M6
Power- UL.     5/5.       5/5
                LL.      5/5.      5/5
Tone-    UL.        N.          N
                LL.        N.          N
Reflexes:
             B.    2+.     2+
             T.     1+.       1+
             S       1+.      1+
             K.      2+.      2+
             A.      1+.      1+ 
 Plantar.      Flexion.  Flexion
P/A: Soft, no organomegaly, bowel sounds heard 
Investigations :
Hemogram
RFT

T3,T4,TSH

PLBS

URINE FOR KETONE BODIES
A: diabetic ketosis with AKI (?Drug induced) with type 2 DM

P:  
1.INJ.HAI 40IU in 39ml NS @2ml/hr to maintain GRBS between 150 to 250mg/dl

2.IV fluids NS@75ml/hr

3.Inj.5D @30ml/kg(if grbs<150mg/dl)

4.Inj.PAN 40mg IV/BD

5.Inj.zofer 4mg IV/Tid

6.syp.CITRALKA 10ml in glass of water po/tid

7.strict I/O charting

8.monitor vitals and inform sos

9.INJ.PROMETHAZINE 25mg IV/BD

10.Tab.AMLONG 5mg PO OD

Day4 (27/08/23)
27/08/23   

 S-
  No Vomitings 
  Hiccups reduced
  Episodes of hypoglycemia at midnight 
  Stools not passed

O-
Patient is conscious,coherent,cooperative 
afebrile on touch
 PR.- 92/min
RR.- 18/min
Bp-130/70mm hg
GRBS-159mg/dl(10U HAI 8 NPH)
INPUT-2250ml
OUTPUT-950ml
Cvs-S1S2 +,no murmurs heard
RS-Bilateral air entry+,NVBS heard
CNS-
GCS -E4 V5 M6
Power- UL. 5/5. 5/5
                LL. 5/5. 5/5
Tone- UL. N. N
                LL. N. N
Reflexes:
             B. 2+. 2+
             T. 1+. 1+
             S 1+. 1+
             K. 2+. 2+
             A. 1+. 1+ 
 Plantar. Flexion. Flexion
P/A: Soft, no organomegaly, bowel sounds heard 

Investigations:



A-DIABETIC KETOSIS (RESOLVED)with AKI (? DRUG INDUCED - RESOLVING with TYPE 2 DM ? Denovo HTN

P-
1)plenty of oral fluid

2)inj.HAI S/C TID

3)strict I/O charting

4)monitor vitals and inform sos



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